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#1. What is the Islamic declaration of faith called?
The Islamic declaration of faith is called A. Shahada.
The Shahada is the fundamental statement of faith in Islam, declaring the belief in the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH). It is recited as follows: “Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah”
which means “I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.”
The Shahada is the first of the Five Pillars of Islam and is essential for anyone embracing Islam. It represents the core belief system of Muslims worldwide.
#2. Which country has the largest Muslim population in the world?
Indonesia, with around 225 million Muslims, holds the largest Muslim population globally.
The peaceful spread of Islam in Indonesia through trade and Sufi missionaries highlights its diverse, global reach.
#3. Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?
The Five Pillars of Islam are Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj. While Jihad is important, it is not one of the Five Pillars.
Jihad primarily refers to the personal spiritual struggle against sin.
“The best Jihad is (by) the one who strives against his own self for Allah.” (Tirmidhi 1621)
#4. What is the main purpose of the annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, known as Hajj?
Hajj involves performing rituals at the Kaaba, including Tawaf (circling the Kaaba) and Sa’i (walking between Safa and Marwah), commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s actions.
#5. Which angel delivered the revelations of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?
Angel Jibril (Gabriel) delivered the revelations of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
The Quran states, “The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down upon your heart” (Quran 26:193-194).
Sahih Bukhari also narrates the Prophet’s encounters with Jibril during revelations.
#6. What is the night during Ramadan when the Quran was first revealed called?
Laylat al-Qadr, or the Night of Decree, is when the Quran was first revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
The Quran states,
“The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months.” (Quran 97:3)
This night occurs in the last ten days of Ramadan.
#7. Which Prophet is considered the father of the Arab people through his son Ishmael A.S.?
Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim) is considered the father of the Arab people through his son Ishmael (Ismail).
This is mentioned in the Quran, “And ˹remember˺ when Abraham raised the foundation of the House with Ishmael, ˹both praying,˺ “Our Lord! Accept ˹this˺ from us. You are indeed the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.” (Quran 2:127).
Hadith literature also narrates stories of Ibrahim and Ismail building the Kaaba.
#8. Who was the first caliph after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ?
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (R.A) was the first caliph, succeeding Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) after his death.
His leadership helped consolidate the Muslim community and preserve the teachings of Islam.
The Prophet once said, “If I were to take a friend other than my Lord, I would take Abu Bakr.” (Muslim 2382)
#9. What is the Arabic term for lawful or permissible in Islam?
Halal refers to what is permissible or lawful in Islam, encompassing various aspects of daily life including food, behavior, and business transactions.
The Quran states,
“They ask you what is lawful for them. Say, ‘Lawful for you are [all] good foods.’” (Quran 5:4)
#10. What is the meaning of “Tawheed” in Islam?
Tawheed refers to the oneness and uniqueness of Allah, the central concept of monotheism in Islam.
The Quran states, “Say, ‘He is Allah, [who is] One’” (Quran 112:1).
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasized the importance of Tawheed in numerous Hadiths, underscoring its fundamental role in Islamic belief.
#11. Which practice is performed during the last ten days of Ramadan?
Itikaf is a practice during the last ten days of Ramadan where Muslims seclude themselves in the mosque for worship and reflection.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to perform Itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan, seeking the Night of Decree (Laylat al-Qadr). (Sahih Bukhari 2026)
#12. What is the term for the nightly prayers performed during Ramadan?
Taraweeh refers to the additional prayers performed by Muslims at night during the month of Ramadan. These prayers are highly encouraged and involve reciting long portions of the Quran.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, Whoever observes fasts during the month of Ramadan out of sincere faith, and hoping to attain Allah’s rewards, then all his past sins will be forgiven.” (Sahih Bukhari 38)
#13. Which Surah is known as the “Chapter of Sincerity”?
Surah Al-Ikhlas, also known as “The Chapter of Sincerity,” emphasizes the oneness of Allah. It is a short yet powerful declaration of monotheism.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, “By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, it is equivalent to one-third of the Quran.” (Sahih Bukhari 5015)
#14. What is the Arabic term for repentance in Islam?
Taubah means repentance, a fundamental concept in Islam where a believer seeks forgiveness from Allah for their sins with sincere remorse and a commitment to avoid the sin in the future.
The Quran says, “Indeed, Allah loves those who are constantly repentant.” (Quran 2:222).
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) also said, “Every son of Adam sins, and the best of those who sin are those who repent.” (Tirmidhi 2499)
#15. What is the meaning of the term “Umrah”?
Umrah is a minor pilgrimage to Mecca that can be undertaken at any time of the year, unlike Hajj which has specific dates.
It includes rituals such as Tawaf and Sa’i. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, “Performing Umrah in Ramadan is equivalent to Hajj.” (Sahih Bukhari 1782)
#16. Which Surah is known as the “Chapter of Women”?
Surah An-Nisa, meaning “The Women,” addresses various aspects of family life, inheritance, and women’s rights in Islam.
The Quran emphasizes, “Men are the protectors and maintainers of women.” (Quran 4:34).
This Surah provides comprehensive guidance on ethical conduct and social justice.
#17. What is the term for the communal Friday prayer in Islam?
Jumu’ah is the communal Friday prayer held at noon, and it is obligatory for Muslim men.
The Quran states, “O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumu’ah, then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade.” (Quran 62:9).
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasized its importance in several Hadiths.
#18. Which Prophet is known for his patience in the face of suffering?
Prophet Ayyub (Job) is renowned for his patience (Sabr) amidst severe trials and tribulations.
The Quran recounts his story, highlighting his steadfastness, “Indeed, We found him patient. An excellent servant, indeed he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allah].” (Quran 38:44).
His life exemplifies unwavering faith and resilience in adversity.
#19. What is the significance of the night of Laylat al-Qadr?
Laylat al-Qadr, the Night of Decree, is when the Quran was first revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). It is described as better than a thousand months.
The Quran states, “The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months.” (Quran 97:3).
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) recommended seeking this night during the last ten days of Ramadan.